![]() Tumor markers are not specific for malignancy. ![]() Values obtained with different assay methods or kits may be different and cannot be used interchangeably. Normal results do not eliminate the possibility of prostate cancer. Up to 20% of men with negative biopsy results have subsequently been found to have cancer.īased on free PSA:total PSA ratio: the percent probability of finding prostate cancer on a needle biopsy by age in years:Ĭautions Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances However, even a negative result of prostate biopsy does not rule-out prostate cancer. Therefore, some urologists recommend using the free PSA:total ratio to help select which men should undergo biopsy. The total PSA range of 4.0 to 10.0 ng/mL has been described as a diagnostic "gray zone," in which the free PSA:total PSA ratio helps to determine the relative risk of prostate cancer (see table). ![]() When total PSA concentration is above 10.0 ng/mL, the probability of cancer is high and prostate biopsy is generally recommended. When total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration is below 2.0 ng/mL, the probability of prostate cancer in asymptomatic men is low, further testing and free PSA may provide little additional information.
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